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项目管理经理如何提升团队凝聚力

发布时间: 作者:系统管理员 访问量:68

1.凝聚力高的团队特征

  (1)团队内的沟通渠道比较畅通、信息交流频繁,大家觉得沟通是工作中的一部分,不会存在什么障碍。

  (2)团队成员的参与意识较强,人际关系和谐,成员间不会有压抑的感觉。

  (3)团队成员有强烈的归属感,并为成为团队的一分子觉得骄傲。愿意把自己作为这个团队中的一分子提出来,跳槽的现象相应较少。

  (4)团队成员间会彼此关心、互相尊重。

  (5)团队成员有较强的事业心和责任感,愿意承担团队的任务,集体主义精神盛行。

  (6)团队为成员的成长与发展,自我价值的实现提供了便利的条件。领导者、团队周围的环境、其他的成员都愿意为自身及他人的发展付出。

  2.提升团队凝聚力

  1)从外部看,当团队遇到威胁时,无论团队内部曾经发生过或正在发生什么问题、困难、矛盾,这时团队成员会暂时放弃前嫌,一致应对外来威胁。通常外来威胁越高、造成的影响越大、压力越大,团队所表现出的凝聚力也会越强。当然如果团队成员感到团队根本没有办法应付外来威胁和压力时,就不愿意再去努力了。

  (2)从内部看有这样一些因素影响凝聚力的高低:

  ①团队领导人的风格、类型

  领导是团队行为的一种导向和核心,采取什么样的领导方式直接影响到凝聚力的高低。

  *民主的领导方式

  *专制、独裁、武断的领导方式

  *放任型的领导方式

  ②团队的规模。

  规模越大越容易造成团队的沟通受阻,意见分歧的可能性也会增大;

  ③团队的目标。

  团队目标如果跟个人的目标一致,有吸引力、号召力,这时团队成员就愿意合作完成任务,凝聚力会增强;反过来如果个人目标和团队目标不关联,个人的想法是多挣钱,团队的目标是获得荣誉,这时合作就会少,感情趋于冷淡,凝聚力也就降低。

  ④奖励方式或激励机制。个人奖励和集体奖励有不同的作用:集体奖励会增强团队的凝聚力,会使成员意识到个人的利益和荣誉与所在团队不可分割;个人奖励可能会增强团队成员间的竞争力,但这样一种方式会导致个人顾个人,在团队内部形成一种压力,协作、凝聚可能会弱化。

  两者都要考虑,承认团队的贡献,也要承认个人成绩。

  ⑤团队以往达成目标的状况。

  如果团队一贯有好的表现,过去就能按团队目标很好运行,这时团队成员就会觉得这是一个英雄的团队,在这样的团队中感到有荣誉感,所以就会激发团队成员做得更好。

  通常成功的企业和不成功的企业比较,更容易吸引优秀的员工加入。团对的凝聚力一方面靠员去营造,还要靠领导者的正确引导。


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